近日，商務部部長陳德銘在英國《金融時報》上發表署名文章《繁榮的中國將更加開放》（英文標題為“Thriving China is ever more open for business”），全文如下：

　　China is ever more open for business

　　For the last year, China has expanded domestic demand and worked to attract foreign investment, contributing to the global recovery. However, concerns have recently been floated, not least among foreign businesses, that China is now less welcoming of foreign investment. In fact, China will open wider in the future.

　　China has kept its market open throughout the financial crisis. In late 2008, we adopted a Rmb4,000bn stimulus package, along with readjustment programs in sectors such as information communication technology, logistics and equipment manufacturing. Companies have followed strict tender rules to ensure a level playing field for all businesses – Chinese or foreign. In 2009, of 12,439 tenders for procurement of electromechanical products, 55 per cent went to foreign investment enterprises.

　　Over the last three decades, foreign direct investment has brought capital, advanced technologies and business know-how to China. We understand that FDI fosters innovation. That is why, in April, we held a public consultation to review the criteria we use to accredit “innovation products”. The results emphasized that all foreign enterprises are given equal treatment and that all their products are considered to be “made in China”, while the same rules of origin are applied to them as to Chinese products.

　　Since joining the World Trade Organization, China has continually lowered the entry threshold for foreign investment. We have revised our catalogue for the guidance of foreign investment industries – the official list of industries in which FDI is encouraged or restricted – four times since 1997. Each time we have provided greater market access. Writers such as Thomas Friedman, author of The World Is Flat, and Robert Shapiro, former US undersecretary of commerce under President Bill Clinton, have spoken highly of our efforts to open up.

　　China remains a top destination for investment by multinational companies, particularly in services and outsourcing. In 2009, global FDI dropped by nearly 40 per cent, but investment into China fell by only 2.6 per cent. Reacting to worries in the west, China has also strengthened intellectual property protection with new laws and a “double-track” system of administrative and criminal enforcement.

　　Crisis-hit multinationals have found new sources of profit growth in China. In 2009, General Motors filed for bankruptcy in the US, but its sales in China grew by 67 per cent. It sold more than 1m vehicles in China in the first five months of this year, meeting half of its 2010 target of 2m ahead of schedule. Siemens will invest ?1bn ($1.29bn, ￡843m) in the next three years, with Volkswagen adding ?1.6bn by 2011. In 2010, there were 690,000 registered foreign companies in China, investing more than $1,000bn.

　　These companies drive growth abroad through their Chinese operations. They create valuable trade surpluses for neighbouring countries by importing intermediate goods, and create jobs in developed countries by buying capital goods and services.

　　Such growth will continue as China expands its internal market. Sales of consumer goods rose in 2009 to Rmb12,530bn, contributing more than half of gross domestic product. This year China‘s domestic market will grow by Rmb2,000bn ($295bn, ￡193bn, ?229bn), outstripping exports. The US is set to gain in particular. The independent American Chamber of Commerce in China recently published a report arguing that in the next 30 years the US can achieve “three trillion-dollar goals”: $1,000bn for annual US exports to China, $1,000bn for revenues of US businesses in China producing goods and services for the Chinese market, and $1,000bn for cumulative Chinese FDI in the US.

　　Coming out of crisis, China must now work to upgrade its own industries in areas such as high-end manufacturing and environmental goods and services. To do this, China wants to make better use of the knowledge and expertise of multinationals. German carmaker Daimler‘s success in forming a joint venture in China to develop next-generation electric vehicles is only one example of how more foreign investment can help.

　　The world economy is at a crucial stage of restructuring. As China works with others to push the global recovery, tremendous opportunities will open up for foreign companies. China remains open for business, and the rest of the world can benefit.

　　繁榮的中國將更加開放

　　過去一年多來，中國政府努力擴大國內消費，積極吸收外商來華投資，為世界經濟復蘇做出了貢獻。然而，近來出現了一些擔憂，特別是在外企中間，認為中國不再像以前那樣重視和歡迎外資了。事實上，中國今後將更加開放，中國市場的大門始終對外資敞開。

　　在金融危機期間，中國政府堅持對外開放政策不動搖。2008年末，我們推出了規模為4萬億的一攬子刺激方案，同時啟動了電子信息業、物流、裝備製造等産業的調整和振興規劃。在一些重點領域投資和建設項目招標過程中，我們為所有企業（不管是中國企業還是外國企業）創造公平的競爭環境。例如，在2009年中國開展的12439個機電産品國際招標採購項目中，外資企業中標數佔項目總數的55.4%。

　　30多年來，外商直接投資的引入不僅帶來了資金，更帶來了先進的技術設備、管理和經營理念，有力地促進了中國經濟制度、技術和管理創新。正因如此，我們在今年4月公開徵求意見，對“自主創新”産品的認定標準進行了調整，上述結果説明，所有外國企業都得到了一視同仁的對待，他們的産品被視為“中國製造”，和中國企業的産品適用同樣的原産地規則。

　　自從加入世界貿易組織以來，中國不斷降低外資準入門檻。1997年以來，我們4次修訂《外商投資産業指導目錄》——該目錄是鼓勵或限制外國直接投資進入的行業的官方名錄，每次修訂我們都會進一步擴大市場準入範圍。《世界是平的》一書的作者托馬斯 弗裏德曼，以及曾在美國總統比爾 克林頓時期擔任商務部副部長的羅伯特 夏皮羅等眾多專家均高度肯定中國的對外開放。

　　目前，中國仍是跨國公司投資的首選目的地，特別是在服務業和外包行業。2009年，全球外國直接投資下降近40%，但對華投資僅下降2.6%。作為對西方擔憂的回應，中國不斷加大保護知識産權力度，制定了一系列比較完整、在世界上也比較先進的保護知識産權法律體系和行政執法、刑事執法雙軌的執法機制。

　　在危機中遭遇巨大衝擊的跨國公司，在中國找到了新的發展空間和增長點。2009年，通用汽車在美國申請破産，但該公司在華銷售卻增長了67%。今年頭5個月，該公司在華銷量超過100萬輛，提前完成了今年目標（200萬輛）的一半。西門子計劃未來三年在華投資10億歐元（合12.9億美元)，而2011年之前，大眾將在華追加16億歐元的投資。截至今年5月底，在華註冊外資企業數量累計近69萬家，實際利用外資總額超過了1萬億美元。

　　這些跨國公司通過在華經營帶動了其海外發展，同時也通過大量的中間品進口為周邊國家和地區創造了貿易順差，通過資本品、奢侈品和服務貿易進口為發達國家創造了大量的就業機會。

　　隨著中國擴大其國內市場，這種增長勢頭仍將繼續。中國2009年實現社會消費品零售總額12.53萬億元人民幣，對國內生産總值的貢獻率達到50%以上。今年，預計今年國內市場規模將超過2萬億美元，遠遠超出中國的出口總額。美國將肯定從中獲益。中國美國商會日前發佈報告稱，在未來30年的中美關係中，美國可以實現“三個1萬億”目標，即美國對華商品和服務年出口額1萬億美元、美國企業在華産值1萬億美元和中國對美累計投資1萬億美元。

　　在走出危機的同時，中國必須致力於自身的産業結構調整和升級，積極發展高端製造業以及環境産品和服務等領域。中國政府希望繼續發揮跨國公司在這些領域的人才、技術、管理優勢，促進中國加快轉變經濟發展方式。近日德國戴姆勒公司在華設立合資企業開發新一代電動汽車，這是外國投資將在中國發揮更大作用的一個很好例證。

　　世界經濟正處在結構深化調整的關鍵時期。隨著中國與其它國家共同推動全球復蘇，將會給外國企業帶來巨大的商機。中國將繼續堅持對外開放，全球其它國家將因此受益。