環球嘉年華World Carnival
本期關鍵詞：Halloween
萬聖節名字的由來：
Behind the name... Halloween, or the Hallow E'en, means All Hallows Eve, or the night before the 'All Saints', or 'All Souls' Day,. In old English the word 'Hallow' meant 'sanctify'. Participants made sacrifices in honor of the dead, offered up prayers for them.
節日的起源：
Halloween is one of the oldest holidays with origins going back thousands of years. The Celts in Scotland, Wales and Ireland celebrated their New Year on November 1st. It was celebrated every year with a festival and marked the end of the "season of the sun" and the beginning of "the season of darkness and cold."
On October 31st after the crops were all harvested and stored for the long winter the cooking fires in the homes would be extinguished. When the next morning arrived the Druids，the Irish priests, would give an ember from their fires to each family who would then take them home to start new cooking fires. These fires would keep the homes warm and free from evil spirits.
The November 1st festival was called Samhain (pronounced "sow-en"). The festival would last for 3 days. Many people would parade in costumes made from the skins and heads of their animals. This festival would become the first Halloween.
南瓜燈的故事：
The Celts would carry a lantern when they walked on the eve of October 31. These lanterns were carved out of big turnips and the lights were believed to keep the evil spirits away. Children would carve faces in the turnips. These carved turnips were called "jack-o-lanterns，which first carried a lantern by a drunk, Jack in Irish legend.
When the early settlers came to America they found the big round orange pumpkin. Being larger and much more colorful than turnips, the pumpkin could make great "jack-o-lanterns". Eventually the pumpkin would replace the turnip.
As the settlers spread across America they took their Halloween celebrations with them. The custom of the "jack-o-lantern" would travel with them. Eventually the Pumpkin would become the most widely recognized symbol of the Halloween holiday.
關於Trick'O'Treat!
Trick or treat, Smell my feet
Give me something good to eat !!!
紐約萬聖節大游行：Halloween parade
If you don’t want to spend the holiday cooped up at home in your room, why not dress up in a wild costume and go out onto the streets? On Oct. 31 last year, two “skeletons” took part in the New York Halloween parade, cavorting with the spectators. Halloween is the Western version of guĭ ji岢, “ghost festival”. There are skeletons, witches, aliens, sorcerers, wild animals ? anything you can imagine is here. The participants dressed in crazy costumes, and create a spooky, ghostly atmosphere. in the street And of course, there was no shortage of fireworks, jack-o’-lanterns and beer. Every year at this time the annual Halloween parade attracts worldwide attention. Would you like to experience this year’s Halloween parade firsthand?
世界各地的民俗節日：
泰國飛燈節：the Flying Lantern Festival
Recently in Chiang Mai Province （清邁府），a northern province of Thailand, the people are celebrating a yearly holiday: the Flying Lantern Festival. The lanterns used in the festival are different from ordinary ones. These lanterns are made of paper, and are similar to hot air balloons, which can rise into the sky. In ancient China, such lanterns were called Kongming lanterns. As the curtain of night falls, thousands of Thai locals congregate, preparing their large hand-made paper lanterns. According to tradition, as the lanterns fly into the blue sky, people’s misfortunes and bad luck will be swept away. And, as the lanterns drift further and further away, they presage good luck and wishes for the coming year. Chiang Mai Province is an economic and cultural center for northern Thailand. Though the city is a modern metropolis, it has a rich history and cultural background. As one of Thailand’s most important ancient cities, it has maintained many of the country’s traditions and customs, of which the yearly Flying Lantern Festival is an example. Every year the festival attracts not only people from all over the country, but also interested tourists from overseas.
常用的祝福，祈禱説法
God bless you! God be with you!
德國啤酒節Oktoberfest
This annual Oktoberfest Beer Festival is already the 171st, yet the longstanding traditions have not been changed. The first event is the traditional parade of floats. The spectators on the side of the road can hardly control themselves, wishing they could rush up to take a drink of the beer. However, for the time being they can only stand on the sidelines and cheer, because everyone must wait for the mayor of the city of Munich to open the first keg of Oktoberfest beer before they can drink a delicious mug of that world famous Bavarian beer. These servers are really something special! It’s not every waiter or waitress who could handle so many glasses of beer. This glass actually holds a full liter of beer, and this really requires extraordinary skill! These people don’t have it easy, either, shouting “Bottoms up!” to their drinking buddies. You’ve got to be able to hold your beer, and to have a big beer belly in order to keep up with this kind of drinking.
These splendid porcelain Oktoberfest souvenirs have a strong local flavor. Even the hats are in the shape of beer mugs. Wearing them throughout the 16 days of the festival must be a lot of fun. The beer this year is a bit more expensive, but the price didn’t dampen the enthusiasm of the beer lovers at the festival. Munich is not the beer capital of the world for nothing! 500 years ago, in order to make their beer as pure as possible, Germany stipulated by law that only wheat, water and hop could be used to manufacture beer. And this has assured the quality of German beer ever since. You can tell how great this beer is by the expression on the face of these tourists.
Last year at the Oktoberfest 6.3 million tourists drank 6.11 million liters of beer, enough beer to fill 6 standard-sized swimming pools at the Olympics. In addition, tourists also consumed 500,000 roast chickens, 25 tons of fish, and 91 cows. Perhaps this year new records will be set for these quantities of food and drink.
幾種祝酒詞
Cheers! To your family! To happiness! Buttons up!
德國熱氣球節：the Hot Air Balloon Festival
Recently fire balloon enthusiasts from all over the world convened in the East German city of Leipzig for the 11th annual International Fire Balloon Festival. In the interest of safety, the sponsors of the festival limited the number of balloons in the festival to 110. Though of a smaller scale than previous years, the slogan for this year’s Fire Balloon Festival was “Small But Beautiful”. The sponsors wish to offer spectators a display of the most impressive, high-quality fire balloons. The sponsors also offered a performance called “Foxhunt”, in which the balloonists all piloted their hot air balloons in pursuit of a single balloon dubbed “The Fox”. All the balloons were required to land in a designated spot within the time limit. As evening approached, the balloon performance reached a high point: Several balloons equipped with lights lit up the evening sky, twinkling alongside the stars in the sky.
哥倫比亞鮮花節鮮花大游行：Flower Parade
Mention the South American country of Colombia, and the first thing that comes to mind is coffee and cocoa. In fact, Colombia is the second largest flower exporting country in the world, second only to Holland. Recently Colombia has become an ocean of flowers, as the natives celebrate a traditional holiday──the annual Flower Festival. And one of the traditional activities of the festival is Flower Parade. According to tradition, participants put a big basket of fresh flowers on their backs, and march in a colorful parade down the main streets. The tradition of the Flower Parade can be traced back to 300 years ago, but for modern Columbians, the Flower Festival is a good way of advertising their beautiful fresh flowers.
西班牙奔牛節：Spanish Bull Run
This is a small village of Pamplona in northern Spain. Every year from July 6th to 14th, the annual Bull Run takes place here, as wave after wave of enthusiastic participants converge on this spot to take part in this risky tourist activity. The origins of the Bull Run had its origins in the traditional bullfight. It is said that it was difficult for the Pamplona citizens to drive six large bulls from the cattle pens in the outskirts of the village to the bullfighting arena. In the 16th century, some spectators suddenly got a bright idea: they risked directly approaching the bull and provoking it, thus luring it to the bullfighting ring. This custom gradually evolved into the current Bull Run. In 1923 famed American author Ernest Hemingway came to Pamplona to watch the Bull Run, and described the festival in his famous novel The Sun Also Rises. In this literary work he painted the Bull Run in detail, making the festival world famous. In 1954 Hemingway won the Nobel Prize for literature, and the Spanish Bull Run festival became even more famous. The Spanish locals, in gratitude for Hemingway’s contribution to the Bull Run, erected a statue of him in the entrance to the bullfight arena. The “Bull Run Street” in the old city district of Pamplona is actually just a narrow cobblestone street, stretching a total of just 848 meters. When the Bull Run begins, over 10,000 enthusiasts squeeze into the narrow street. The bulls, weighing nearly 500 kilograms, rush out of the bull pen, and in just 4 minutes run at about 24 kilometers per hour into the midst of the chaotic crowd, with spectators and bulls tumbling and falling in a dangerous mix. The whole event is a success when the bulls are herded into the bullfighting ring. Every year during the period of the Bull Run, there are some people who are wounded, and there have even been some deaths at the event. According to statistics, from 1924 to 2002, 14 people have been gored to death by the bull, and more than 200 people wounded. Despite this, every year from July 6 to 14, danger lovers from all over the world pour into the small village of Pamplona, population 180,000, to enjoy the stimulating excitement of these dangerous games pitting man against bull. Some are here for the first time as tourists, whereas some are tireless old hands who have been coming for decades.
責編：蘭華