Forest China is a nature documentary . It is a major production that has taken China Central Television (CCTV) four years to complete. It covers most of China’s major forests. It is a remarkable result of meticulous research and planning. It showcases China’s latest efforts in protecting the nature and preserving the ecology in the country. It is in fact the only visual document of modern China’s flora and fauna.
Vast forests in the Northeast of China, Qinling Mountains, the Taklamakan Desert, the primitive forest of southeastern Tibet, Shennongjia Mountains in Hubei Province, the Hengduan Mountains, the tropical rain forest in Hainan and the mangroves of the South China Sea.
Red birches, diversiform-leaved poplars, Chinese silver firs, ginkgos and seed bearer trees. / Panda, the golden monkey, takin, nippoina, the Northeast China tiger and gibbon. People who live in the forests, their lifestyle and their culture.
Beyond the boundaries of the society we’re so familiar with is the gradually forgotten natural world. The virgin forests are a last place to experience the true rigour of Mother Nature, and to listen to her original songs. This little spruce is 16 centimeters high. The three branches indicate that it is three years old. Beside it, where it stands below Najiabawa Peak, is an ancient spruce. A Tibetan spruce, when fully grown, can be 70 metres high and 2 metres in diameter. This forest in southeastern Tibet is the highest in the world.
It´s a battle between strength and quantity. The tiny ants, by working together, can defeat their giant enemy. It’s in a microcosm such as this that it is possible to learn about the survival of the fittest, and the lasting vitality of the rainforests.
In April, the Qinling Mountains are subject to a cold front from Mongolia. Deep inside the forest, the fir trees welcome spring. Deck is a 12-year-old adult male golden monkey. He is the head of his family, and roars loudly to proclaim his status. Deck and his monkey colony live at an altitude of 2,000 metres on the northern slopes of the Qinling Mountains.
Yuanyuan and her mate Deck find shelter from the wind and rain under the thick foliage of the red birch tree. But the sudden downpour catches Little Yuan unawares. Other young monkeys of Little Yuan’s age can look for food in the rain by themselves. But Little Yuan is like a spoilt child, asking for milk from his mother.
The world’s lowest forest lies at the point where sea and land meet. The aigrets wake early in the morning. The mangrove forest is home to several species of aigret: the biggest are the egrets; the smallest are the pond herons; the most numerous are the yellow-headed cattle egrets. .
The mudflat is in fact very dry. To preserve the water in their bodies, the mangroves must maintain an accurate number of leaves in their crowns. The excess leaves will wither away and become food for the grapsidae, along with the petals that fall to the ground in the rainstorm. However, there are just a few petals on the ground. Only the quickest of the crabs will enjoy this particular windfall.
The waterfall pours down a 68-metre cliff in the Changbai Mountains. Three rivers have their source here; the Songhua, the Tumen and the Yalv. The tundra belt, located at an altitude of 2,000 metres in the Changbai Mountains, is home to the plateau pikas . In autumn, the plateau pikas eat huge amounts of food, in anticipation of the coming winter snow.
The rich variety of food in the broad-leaf and Korean pine mixed forest supports over 50 species of mammal – a greater variety than anywhere else on the same latitude. However, the arrival of some unexpected visitors disturbs the tranquility and relative prosperity of the forests.
In February, the moso bamboo is still covered with snow. The young bamboo shoots have been dormant under the cover for the past three months. On the tip of a bamboo far from the bushes, a cramer butterfly pupa hides among the leaves. Both the pupa and the bamboo shoots are awaiting winter’s end. A bamboo bug climbs to the tip of the plant. There it gets its first breath of the East Asian monsoon wind that blows from the Pacific into the valleys of Mount Wuyi.
In spring, the Chinese stump-tailed macaques move to high-altitude broad-leaf forests. But the smell of the bamboo shoots draws them down again into the valleys.The best season for the bamboo shoots has arrived. They can grow by a meter in a single day. They are on the point of entering adulthood. The bamboo shoot has become fully grown in terms of its height and diameter. From now on it won’t grow any taller or sturdier, only stronger.
The finest sand in the world covers the Taklamakan Desert. A breath of wind and the grains will take to the air. It’s March. The sun rises and the warm northeasterly wind blows. The sands have started a new journey. The iguana has never left its home. It has spent the whole of its 20-year life in the same euphrates poplar.
The thick layers of wax on the surface of the leaves can keep the water out. Summer in the desert always heralds the monsoon. The female tree is pregnant. This euphrates poplar has been living in the Taklamakan Desert for nearly two hundred years. Even though it has got used to the strong sunlight, it still suffers every day.
Spring comes late here. Winter lingers until April. A seedling of the Cang Qiong spruce breaks through the ice and enters the world. The CangQiong lives in the virgin forests of the Nanjiabawa Peak Area, which is the highest point in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. With winter’s departure, the highest forest in the world is about to welcome the warm humid front from the Indian Ocean.
The Xi wanders aimlessly down from the meadow to the forest. The little red deer is embraced by Nanjiabawa. At dusk, the deer return. But the Xia cannot see her child on the meadow. After sunset, the thin atmosphere is unable to retain much heat. The temperature drops rapidly. At this time of year the temperature variation between day and night can be as much as 20 degrees.
At nightfall, a stick insect slowly crawls up a branch. It’s looking for food. This master of disguise looks like a stick. Even so, it’s discovered by a red tree ant. The ant sprays a toxin in the air. It’s a signal calling the other ants. The plan is to prey on the stick insect, the longest insect in the world. The sickle-like mandibula on their heads grip the stick insect tightly. At the same time, their tails start to release formic acid, a toxin that can paralyze their prey.
A crab is waving its pincers at a centipede to warn it off its territory. Confronted by the sharp pincers and hard shell, the centipede has no choice, but to leave. The red tree ants also profit from the mating flight of the termites. Among the several hundred thousand termites attending the mating party, only a few will find satisfaction. Most will die of exhaustion. But the few lucky ones are capable of producing millions of termites in one or two months. In Nature, many species have to resort to quantity in order to survive.
In the spring of 1955, botanist Zhong Jixin led a scientific research team to the hinterland of Yuecheng Mountain in Guangxi. They were looking for a tree. After more than a month, they finally found the old tree on a remote cliff 1400 metres above sea level. The local people called it the “lord of the firs”. It was an unusual looking tree, and Zhong Jixin wondered if it might belong to a new species, neither pine nor fir. So he took a cutting, and left.
Even after several decades of study, it remains a mystery, why the “Lord of the Firs” should have such difficulties reproducing. A germ cell from a silver fir takes thirty one months to grow into a mature seed. Such a long process contributes to the early death of the seedlings. Eighteen years ago, a silver fir was successfully grafted. However it died, along with the female parent, immediately after producing its first blossom.
China´s State Forestry Administration says from 1980 to 2005, the country cut 5 billion tons of carbon emissions through measures like tree-planting.
Forest parks will be built in five places, including Jingtai Bridge, Guanganmenwai and Fushi Road. On October 19, reporters learned that the feasibility report of the first five leisure forest parks has been approved, which means that residents in Beijing will be able to wander in forests without having to leave the urban areas of Beijing in 2010.
The survival rate of new forests in Lhasa is likely to reach 85 percent despite the severe drought earlier this year, according to the Lhasa City Forestry Bureau.
Tibet‘s forest coverage has risen to 11.31 percent, up 1.47 percent over the figure released in the fifth survey of forest resources in 2000