China states that both countries share an approximately 2,000 kilometer long common border, but India disagrees.

Disputes in some areas along the line, especially the eastern so-called McMahon Line, triggered a Sino-Indian war in 1962. Over the past three decades, the two countries established a series of dialogues and held 19 rounds of special representatives' meetings.

Leaders from both countries also agreed to the political principles, as well as a "three-step" road map on resolving border disputes.